Starting Point Of NAMAZ

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Rule Of Namaz

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Starting Point Of  NAMAZ

After ensuring that your belief and faith is correct, the biggest obligation of all obligations is Namaz. There has been many messages in the Quran and Hadith in relation to the importance of Namaz. Whoever does not believe it as an Obligatory aspect i.e. Farz is a Kafir. and those who do not pray it are great sinners and will be thrown into hell in the after life, also in the event of an Islamic leadership, the king should execute those who do not pray Namaz.

Rule: At what age should children be taught Namaz ?

When a child reaches the age of seven he should be shown how to pray Namaz. When the child reaches the age of ten. they should be made to pray via use of beatings. Before we show you the way in which Namaz should be prayed, we will first of all show you the six conditions/qualifiers that must be performed, otherwise the Namaz will not begin. These are known as the 'Shara'it-e-Namaz and are as follows;

1. Cleanliness
2. The covering of the body
3. Time
4. Facing Qibia
5. Intention
6. The call to start Namaz (Takbeer-e-Tahrima)

The first qualification is cleanliness. This means that the person praying Namaz (which will now be referred to as Namazee) must have their body, clothing and the place where Namaz is going to be performed, clean from impurities such as urine, stools, blood, alcohol. dung, animal excretion, etc. Also the Namazee must not be without bathing or ablution.
The second qualification is covering of the body. This means that the male's body must be covered from the navel upto and including the knees. The female's body must be completely covered except for the face, the hands below and including the wrists and feet below and including the ankles.
The third qualification is time. This means that whatever time is allocated to a particular Namaz, that Namaz is prayed. For example, the Fajr Namaz is prayed from the break of dawn to before sunrise. Zohar Namaz is prayed after midday to the time when there are two shadows to everything except for the original shadow (mid afternoon). Asr Namaz is prayed from when there are two shadows until sunset. Maghrib Namaz is prayed after sunset to when the natural light disappears. Isha Namaz is prayed after the natural light has disappeared until before the break of dawn.
The fourth qualification is the facing towards Qibla. This means to face towards the Holy Ka'aba (in Makkah).
The fifth qualification is intention. This means that whatever Namaz is being prayed for whatever time i.e. Ada, Qaza. Farz, Sunnat,Nafl etc. to make a firm intention in the heart for that Namaz.

The sixth qualification is Takbeer-e-Tahrima. This means to say Allah-o-Akbar and start the Namaz. This is the last qualification and once said the Namaz begins. If you then say something to someone or eat something or drink something or perform any action which is against Namaz then the Namaz will break. The first five qualifications must remain from when the Takbeer-e-Tahrima is said, to until the Namaz is completed, otherwise the Namaz will not count.
 

  SECOND QUALIFICATION ON NAMAZ - SATRE-AURAT - COVERING OF THE BODY

 It is compulsory to cover the body, meaning how much of the body in Namaz should be covered at least.

• Rule: For males, from below the naval to below the knees is compulsory, that it is covered, it is not compulsory to cover the naval, but the knees must be covered.
• Rule: For women who are not slaves nor have any restriction of Shariat on them, it is compulsory for them to cover all their body except the face, hands upto the wrists and feet upto the ankles. It is also compulsory for women to cover the hair hanging from their heads, their necks and their collars (throats).
• Rule: If a woman has worn a very thin veil over her head that the hair's shininess can be seen then the Namaz will not count.
• Rule: For a female servant/slave the whole of the stomach, back, both sides and from the navel to the knees is all aurat (parts that need covering).
• Rule: In all the parts that are compulsory to cover if one part was uncovered and was less than a quarter, then the Namaz will count. If it is a quarter in size and is recovered immediately, then the Namaz will count. If the part was uncovered for one 'Rukun' meaning the time you could say Subhanallah three times or was uncovered deliberately and whether it was covered again immediately, the Namaz will not count.

Parts of Aurat in a Male

Rule: There are nine parts of the body which are aurat for a male.

1. The penis
2. Both testicles
3. Posterior
4. The right hip
5. The left hip
6. The right thigh (upto and including the knee)
7. The left thigh (upto and including the knee)
8. From below the naval upto the male organ and upto both sides of the body inclusive.
9. The area between the testicles upto the posterior is a single aurat.

The aurats that have been counted above are all one part each, meaning if less than a quarter of each part became uncovered, the Namaz would count.

• Rule: If some parts of the aurats became uncovered but were all less than a quarter, however, when added together the size would be more than a quarter of the smallest part that has been uncovered, then the Namaz will not count. For example, if a ninth of a thigh was uncovered, a ninth of hip and a ninth of a penis was uncovered then the size added together is more than a quarter of the penis, the Namaz will not count [Alamgiri, Radd-ul-Mohtar].
• Rule: At the start of the Namaz if one quarter of a part is left uncovered and you say Allah-o-Akbar, the Namaz will not start [Radd-ul-Mohtar].

Aurat parts for a woman

Rule: For women who are not slaves, except for the five parts mentioned above (face, both hands upto the wrists and both feet upto the ankles) all the body is aurat. This is split into thirty parts of the body. The same rule applies in Namaz (as mentioned above) if a quarter became uncovered for each part.

1. The head, meaning from the top of the head upto the start of the neck.
2. The hair that hangs down
3. The right ear
4. The left ear
5. The neck (and throat)
6. The right shoulder
7. The left shoulder
8. The top right arm including the elbow
9. The top left arm including the elbow
10. The bottom right arm (below the elbow upto and including the wrist)
11. The bottom left arm (below the elbow upto and including the wrist)
12. The chest, below the neck/throat to the breasts
13. Back of the right hand
14. Back of the left hand
15. The right breast
16. The left breast
17. The stomach, meaning from below the breasts upto and including the navel
18. The upper back, meaning the other side of the chest
19. Both armpits upto the lower back
20. The right hip
21. The left hip
22. The vagina
23. The posterior
24. The right thigh upto and including the knees, the knee is not a separate part but is included
25. The left thigh upto and including the knees, the knee is not a separate part but is included
26. Below the naval upto the start of the pubic hair and the lower back, is all one aurat.
27. The right shin, from below the knee upto and including the ankle
28. The left shin, from below the knee upto and including the ankle.
29. The right base of the foot
30. The left base of the foot

Many Ulema have not included the back of the hands and the base of the feet as Aurat.
 

• Rule: Although the woman's face is not an Aurat, it is still forbidden to expose it to non permissible males (those a woman is not restricted to marry). Also it is forbidden for non permissible males to look at their face.
• Rule: If a male does not have clothing that is allowed, i.e. he only has silk to cover his body, then it is obligatory for him to cover his body with the silk cloth and can pray Namaz with it on, however, if a male has other material available then it is Haram for a male to wear silk, and if a Namaz is prayed with silk on, then it will become Makrooh-e-Tahrimi.
• Rule: If a naked person can obtain access to a table or floor cloth, then they must cover themselves with this and pray Namaz, and also if they can use leaves or straw to cover themselves, then they must do this [Alamgiri].
• Rule: If someone has no clothes or material, then they should pray Namaz seated and perform Rukoo and prostration (Sijdah) by actions [Hidaya, Durr-e-Mukhtar, Radd-ul-Mohtar].
• Rule: If another person has material or clothing and the naked person feels sure that the person will lend it to them, then it is necessary to ask for the material [Radd-ul-Mohtar].
• Rule: If you only have impure clothes and there is no way of cleaning them, then pray with the impure clothes, do not pray naked [Hidaya].
• Rule: If there isn't enough clothing to cover the whole of the body but you can only cover some parts, then it is necessary that you do this and cover the private parts (vagina and posterior) first. And if there is only enough to cover one private part, then cover one of the two.
• Rule: If by praying Namaz whilst standing, one quarter of an aurat becomes uncovered, then pray Namaz whilst seated [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Radd-ul-Mohtar].

FOURTH QUALIFICATION OF NAMAZ FACING TOWARDS THE QIBLA

The fourth qualifier for Namaz is facing towards the Qibla, meaning to point your face towards the Holy Ka'aba.

• Rule: The Namaz is prayed for Allah and the Sijdah is performed for Him not for the Ka'aba. If Moazallah (Allah forgive) someone performed the Sijdah for the Ka'aba then he will be a grave sinner as it is Haram, and if someone performed the Sijdah with the intention of worshipping the Ka'aba then he is an open infidel as it is infidelity to worship someone other than Allah [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Ifaadat Zawia].

In what situations can Namaz be performed without facing the Qibia ?

• Rule: If a person is helpless in facing towards the Qibia, then he should pray facing whichever direction he can, and he would not have to repeat the Namaz [Muniya].
• Rule: If in illness you have not got enough strength to turn yourself towards the Ka'aba and there is no-one there that can assist you. then face whichever way you can and pray the Namaz and it will count.
• Rule: If someone has their or someone else's goods in their possession and knows that if he faced towards the Qibia the goods would be stolen, then he can face whichever way suits him.
• Rule: A person is travelling on a vicious animal and it is not letting him down or he can come down but without assistance he cannot mount the animal again, or is an old person and will not be able to mount the animal again and there is no-one who can assist him, then whichever direction he prays the Namaz will count.
• Rule: If a person has the power to stop an animal or vehicle he is travelling in, then he should do this and if possible make it face towards the Ka'aba otherwise pray whichever way it is possible. If by stopping the animal the group he is travelling with will go out of sight, then he does not have to stop, pray whilst moving [Radd-ul-Mohtar].
• Rule: If you are praying Namaz on a moving boat, then when saying the Takbeer-e-Tahrima face towards the Qibia and as the boat moves, you move keeping yourself pointing towards the Qibla [Guniya].

What if you don't know the direction of the Qibla ?

• Rule: If you do not know the direction of the Qibia and there is no-one to show you, then think and wherever you think the Qibia is most likely to be pray Namaz that way, that is your Qibia [Muniya].
• Rule: If you prayed Namaz by making an assumption and then later you found out that this was not the right direction for the Qibia, your Namaz will count and there is no need to repeat the Namaz [Muniya].
• Rule: You are praying Namaz whilst making an assumption of the Qibia and whether you are in Sijdah and you change your mind or have been told of your mistake then it is compulsory that you change direction immediately, and the Namaz that has been prayed so far is not wrong, and similarly if you prayed four rakats in four directions then this is allowed. If you did not change direction immediately and there was a delay equivalent to saying 'Subhanallah' three times, then the Namaz will not count [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Radd-ul-Mohtar]. A Namazee turned his chest deliberately away from the Qibia whilst praying Namaz and whether he turned it back immediately, the Namaz will break. If he turned his chest away from the Qibia by mistake and turned back without the delay time of saying 'Subhanallah' three times then the Namaz will count [Muniya, Hijr].
• Rule: If only the face turned away from the Qibia, then it is Wajib that it is turned back immediately and the Namaz will not break, however, to turn it away from the Qibia deliberately is Makrooh [Muniya].

FIFTH QUALIFICATION OF NAMAZ

NIYYAT - INTENTION

Intention of Namaz

Niyyat means a fixed intention of the heart, only a thought or an indication is not sufficient until there is a fixed intention.

• Rule: It is better if you say it with your tongue, for example, "I make the intention of two rakat Farz of Fajar Namaz, for Allah Ta'ala, my face towards the Ka'aba, Allah-o-Akbar."
• Rule: It is necessary for a Muqtadee to make the intention of following the Imam.
• Rule: If the Imam did not make the intention of being the Imam, the Namaz of the Muqtadees will count but they will not gain the reward of Jamaat (congregation) prayers.
• Rule: The intention of Namaz-e-Janaza (funeral) is like this; "I make the intention of Namaz, for Allah Ta'ala, and prayer for this dead person, Allah-o-Akbar.

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